The Many Faces of Freedom? Essay -- Expository Exemplification Essays

The Many Face of Freedom? Freedom is a concept that people are often willing to die for and it is the cause of much fighting. However, few people ever claim to dislike freedom. This raises an interesting question: how can people fight over what is generally considered to be a positive idea? Does this mean that someone must be against freedom? The answer is that people cannot agree on what freedom is, thus numerous groups can claim to be "for freedom" while strongly disagreeing on the means by which to achieve it. These groups often argue vehemently and passionately, trying to convince the majority that their side is right. However, emotion is only one part of deciding who is more persuasive. I offer two examples of disagreements regarding freedom, as proof that freedom is neither tangible, nor a singular idea. An example of a disagreement about freedom between two larger groups is offered in Michael Rossman's account of a student protest in "The Wedding Within the War". Feelings between students and the administration came to a head in an argument regarding tables set up by student organizations to meet new members and pass out information. The administration first restricted the students' rights by forcing them to move the tables from the heart of campus to the edge of campus, further from the majority of students. Then, a few years later, the students were told that they were not allowed to have the tables at all (102). Since their campus is a microcosm of the larger government of America, this limiting of their rights frightened them, causing them to react. As a result, they held a demonstration to make these concerns heard. Their main point, as presented in "Catch-801" by Marvin Garson was that "the University Administ... ...s to be a singular concept. The personal quality of an individual's definition of freedom is also the reason why the students were able to be more persuasive. Their writing contained a sense of personal concern, that decisions made regarding freedom would impact each one of them individually. In contrast, political speeches, although concerned more with the majority, spoke more in terms of abstract freedom, which is much less persuasive. Works Cited Garson, Marvin. "Catch-801." Takin' It to the Streets. New York. NY: Oxford University Press, 1995. Reagan, Ronald. "Freedom vs. Anarchy On Campus." Takin' It to the Streets. New York. NY: Oxford University Press, 1995. Rossman, Michael. "The Wedding Within the War." Takin' It to the Streets. New York. NY: Oxford University Press, 1995. Roth, Philip. Goodbye, Columbus. New York. NY: Bantam Books, 1968.

Individual Report on Econometric Models

Context This report pertains to the selection of an academic paper (Caporale et al., 2009) which is examined based on its aims and results, citing new insights offered by its analysis. It also involves another paper (Oshio et al., 2011) that cited that of Caporale et al. (2009), explaining the kind of data being used for the analysis. The report also includes a description of the economic model adopted by the authors to analyse the issues, as well as a critical reflection of the issues that are likely to arise with the use of these specific econometric models. a.Summary of the selected paper The selected paper in this report is that of Caporale et al. (2009), which was centred on income and happiness across Western and Eastern Europe. The authors utilised data from the European Social Survey (ESS) for 19 European countries, whereby they examined the association between income and subjective well-being. The aim of their study was to find out whether income can buy happiness. Happiness and life satisfaction served as the dependent variables in the study, which were likewise contained in the ESS data. These variables were tested for whether social comparisons and reference groups wielded a relevant influence on the subjective well-being of individuals in the countries involved, which likewise served as the sample. The findings revealed that for all these countries – despite the positive correlation between income on one hand and happiness and life satisfaction on the other – a negative effect was being exerted by reference income on individual well-being, a result that harmonised with the relative utility hypothesis. A separate analysis was conducted by the authors for some countries in Eastern Europe in which they were able to discover some evidence that supported a so-called ‘tunnel effect’, which was suggestive of a positive impact caused by reference income on subjective well-being. The findings maintained that situations characterising stable income and employment have income serving as the basis for social comparisons. In social comparisons, the authors posited that reference income served as the informant for future status expectations. Further, empirical findings revealed a tendency for males to report lower satisfaction than their female counterparts. The authors also cited that the literature holds robust pattern that mirrors the life-cycle areas of people’s social, economic, and family situations. The findings also suggested that happiness perception was positively related to being married, whilst a negative relationship was suggested for divorce. Moreover, the presence of children had a negative effect on happiness perception whilst good health fostered a significant positive association. There was shaky evidence on the likelihood of university qualifications to cause a negative impact on happiness. In addition, a positive effect was indicated by previous employment occurrence on the perception of happiness, which was more deep-seated for more recent unemployment occurrence. The distress accompanying a recent unemployment occurrence may diminish the aspiration value of the presently employed individua l. As the study’s sample was dominated by countries with liberal social welfarism, the influence of the welfare systems on individual’s happiness may also be indicated by the positive impact of unemployment on life satisfaction during the time of joblessness. The new insights offered by the analysis include an apparent wedge between countries in Western Europe and Eastern Europe, which clearly showed that the pursuit of life satisfaction has become embodied in countries’ political framework, serving as a source of valuable insights in policy development concerning welfare reforms. b. A paper citing the selected paper A paper that cites the selected paper here is that of Oshio et al. (2011) whose aim was to examine the effects of relative income on well-being in China, Japan, and Korea based on nationwide surveys in these countries and comparing them with that of the United States. The various factors for which control was undertaken at the individual level were age, gender, and marital status, to name a few. The results were parallel to past researches the same topic involving Western countries. The study exhibited a significant relationship between a person’s income and that of the reference group on one hand, and perceived life satisfaction on the other. In China, individual income showed stronger relationships between relative income and life satisfaction compared to family income, whilst the opposite was demonstrated for Japan and Korea. The comparisons of income within the reference group were necessary for evaluating life satisfaction, particularly when family income was used. Additi onally, Yitzhaki index was used to determine the relative deficiency within the reference group, which was found to have a negative relationship with life satisfaction. Oshio et al. (2011) used Caporale et al. (2009) as a cited paper in their study in that the former utilised it in its claim that apart from the absolute income levels, the happiness of a person is reliant to comparisons with those of others, particularly those with similar socio-economic distinctiveness. Oshio and colleagues also used Caporale and colleagues’ findings on relative income proposition, whereby both found a positive effect fostered by absolute income on both happiness and life satisfaction. Further, both Caporale et al. (2009) and Oshio et al. (2011) used regression analysis to analyse the findings on income and perceived happiness. The apparent difference that could be cited in their studies was the nature of the countries on which their studies were emphasised – Western and Eastern European countries for Caporale et al. (2009), and Asian countries and the United States for Oshio et al. (2011). The former was also more extensive as it used 19 countries f or a generalisation of income-happiness hypothesis, whilst the latter involved only four. The comparison in Caporale and colleagues’ study was between Western European and Eastern European countries, whilst that of Oshio and colleagues was between three Asian countries and the United States. If the cross-country findings in Caporale and colleagues demonstrated a political agenda (i.e. social welfarism), those of Oshio and colleagues were focused on the level of the individual, such as people’s precautious outlook on individual income than family income in China and the United States, leading to the influence of culture for income perception (e.g. individual-orientedness vs. family-orientedness).Whilst Caporale et al. (2009) asserted a positive relationship between income and happiness, Oshio et al. (2011) declared stronger correlations between individual income (rather than family income) and life satisfaction in China, which was not true in Japan and Korea. c.Data used, structure of the data set, and manner of data collection The ESS data in Caporale and colleagues’ (2009) study contained information about a set of demographic and employment characteristics, which the authors utilised as controls in their regressions. Some of these controls were education, income, and position in the labour force, to name a few. The data set also involved information on previous unemployment encounter, which was used in assessing whether a person’s perception of present economic situation was influenced by previous income shocks, commonly due to unemployment. The structure of the data set included all individuals possessing similar levels of education, age brackets, and current countries of residence. The sample was also limited to employees earning full-time salaries. Alternatively, in Oshio and colleagues’ (2011) study, the data were collected from the countries’ (Japan, China, Korea) General Social Survey (GSS), from which data were downloaded. The GSS of these countries were originally gathered by a research office at the University of Chicago. The basis of their empirical analysis was the GSS of these countries which were recorded in 2006, with widely similar survey questionnaires. The results were compared with those of the United States. All income data were converted into logarithms to enable comparing the results across models and countries. In addition, the authors used sampling weights from GSS and made a computation of standard errors to provide correction for any possibility of heteroscedasticity. It may be inferred that even though both studies aimed at determining happiness and life satisfaction vis-a-vis income, their methodologies and approaches were however different but were appropriate to the nature of their hypoth eses. d. Econometric models used by the authors In this section, the econometric models used by the authors are described to analyse the issue. Caporale et al. (2009) used ordered probit model, which they deemed appropriate for their study, given the ordinal nature of the happiness variables. This model enabled a close correlation between happiness and life satisfaction, in which the authors were able to indicate a high level of happiness or satisfaction amongst the research participants. A clear skewness towards the high end was exhibited by the distribution on happiness. Some variations began emerging with the investigation of the level of happiness across the countries involved, with Denmark achieving the highest score, and Portugal, amongst others, recording the lowest scores. Reference income was used as an explanatory variable in the regressions. The estimated coefficients also showed a general consistency with those of previous studies. On the other hand, Oshio et al. (2011) used the ordered logit model to explain perceived happiness across the three countries involved in their study. The model contained an assumption of care amongst individuals in relation to their individual (or family) income when making a comparison of their income with those of others. Family income was included in both specifications, with an assumption that it represents material living standards. It was expected that the coefficient ? was significantly positive in each specification, given the relative income hypothesis. e. Critical reflection of the issues relating to the econometric models The econometric models used in each of the study of Caporale et al. (2009) and Oshio et al. (2011) were appropriately justified and carried out to suit the aim and expected results of each. The use of the ordered probit model in Caporale and colleagues’ study was suitable as this model was able to deal with the variables in ordered categories, which were present in the dataset. According to Jones (2007) and Gailmard (2014), ordered probit model is utilised in the modelling of a discrete dependent variable with ordered multinomial results. Similarly, Caporale and colleagues also noted fixing some of the threshold values, which Jones also pointed out as a characteristic of the model. The study was able to generate the specific results with the utilisation of this model, which is likewise used in a range of the social and behavioural sciences, as emphasised by Aldrich et al. (2007) and Gill (2008). Using other econometric model for the study of Caporale et al. (2009) might not ge nerate similar results, since the study involved an analysis of more than two outcomes of an ordinal dependent variable (i.e. happiness and life satisfaction). In the same manner, Oshio and colleagues’ (2011) use of the ordered logit model was suitable as the study involved a survey that aimed to find out how well responses to questions can predict a response to one question, to which the model was appropriate. In the study, the model was used for dichotomous dependent variables (happiness and life satisfaction), in which more than two response categories were enabled.Apparently, the study adopted proportional odds assumption, to which the model was applicable, as Sadler (2008) and Allegrezza and Dubrocard (2012) also pointed out. Moreover, the model clearly pursued an estimate for multiple equations in the study, whereby the number of these equations were tantamount to the number of categories minus 1. The study also showed that each equation modelled the odds of being in a category, which is consistent with the ordered logit model (Sadler, 2008; Allegrezza and Dubrocard, 2012). It is important to note that the use of the aforementioned models for the two studies was consistent with their intention to quantify or measure variables in order to come up with objective and systematic results for the relationship between income and happiness. Both studies opted to use data from established data sets (ESS and GSS) to apparently facilitate generalisation of findings, with which they were successful. It may be pointed out that Oshio and colleagues’ (2011) results were congruent with Caporale and colleagues’ (2009), reflecting the validity of the latter’s findings. References Aldrich, J. H.m Alt, J. E., and Lupia, A. (2007) Positive Changes in Political Science: The Legacy of Richard D. McKelvey’s Most Influential Writings. Michigan: University of Michigan. Allegrezza and Dubrocard (2012) Internet Econometrics. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan. Caporale, G. M., Georgellis, Y., Tsitsianis, N., & Yin, Y. P. (2009) Income and happiness across Europe: Do reference values matterJournal of Economic Psychology, 30(1), 42-51. Gailmard, S. (2014) Statistical Modeling and Inference for Social Science. NY: Cambridge University Press. Gill (2008) Bayesian Methods: A Social and Behavioral Sciences Approach, Second Edition. NW: Chapman & Hall/CRC. Jones, A. (2007) Applied Econometrics for Health Economists: A Practical Guide. Second Edition. Oxon: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd. Oshio, T., Nozak, K., and Kobayashi, M. (2011) Relative income and happiness in Asia: Evidence from nationwide surveys in China, Japan, and Korea. Social Indicators Research, 104 (3), 351-367. Sadler, A. M. (2008) Determinants of Entrepreneurial Behavior among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant University Scientists in the US: The Impact of Cultural Predispositions and Learning. MI: ProQuest LLC.

What Makes Appointment With Your Dentist - 1464 Words

Days all seem to go by in a blur. You abide by the same routine day after day. You get up, you do whatever is required from you, and then you go home and eat dinner. Maybe you sit down and relax with a good book, watch television, or even check your Facebook for what is probably the thirtieth time that day. No matter what it is, there is a good chance you see some harrowing news story that just breaks your heart, a story that you think is unfathomable. You dwell on it for a few moments, but then you turn away and stop thinking about it. You go to bed, worrying about that presentation you have due next week or trying to remind yourself to make that appointment with your dentist, because you assume that your life will be the same in two weeks as it is right now. In reality, a simple decision could change a life forever- for better or for worse. I am sure everyone has been this way at some point in their lives. The feeling of invincibility, that nothing bad can happen to you or to your loved ones. Due to this, you do not tell the people close to you that you love them. You assume that you or your loved one will be around another day, so you save up hugs and kisses because you are running late or are too busy. I was this way when I was younger, taking everything and everyone for granted, but that all changed with one simple Facebook status and comment- â€Å"Going to the hospital to see mom. She was in a car accident.† The night of January 23rd, 2011 was a frigid, snowy one.Show MoreRelatedDental Anxiety And The Dental Depression1332 Words   |  6 Pagesof the dentist. Logical individuals are stopped from seeing a dentist and preserving the health of their teeth. Preventing difficulties prior to their start is vital for retaining healthy teeth. Problems occur because people who experience a fear of the dentist will evade going to a dentist. To avoid these problems such as decay and cavities it takes scheduled appointments with your dentist for cleaning. What happens when someone with the fear of the dentist ultimately goes to a dentist, is a minorRead MoreCosmetic Dentistry Essay1482 Words   |  6 Pagesneed to call and make an appointment to get my teeth whitened with my dentist. Teeth whitening is an example of Cosmetic Dentistry. Cosmetic Dentistry is different than regular dentistry in the sense that regular dentistry deals with oral hygiene and the prevention, diagnosing and treating of a ny oral diseases. Cosmetic dentistry however focuses on improving a person’s teeth, smile, and mouth. General dentistry deals with what needs to be done whereas Cosmetic dentistry is what you desire to be doneRead MoreShould My Children Visit A Dentist For The First Time?1686 Words   |  7 Pages Q: What is the best toothbrush to use? Brushing your teeth is vital to good dental health, so it makes sense that picking the right toothbrush is important as well. Pick a toothbrush that is the right size that fits your mouth. If your mouth is small, then pick a short toothbrush. If you have a larger mouth, pick a longer one. That said, the head of the toothbrush should always be small. This allows you to brush hard-to-reach areas such as your back molars that much easier. When it comes toRead MoreTips For A Dentist For Your Family1276 Words   |  6 PagesTips for Cchoosing the Rright Dentist†¦ Choosing the right dentist for your family is an important decision. This is going to be the person whothat is responsible for the oral health of you, your spouse, and your children. We all know that kids are not the best about taking care of their teeth in the first place. This makes your choice even more important. Here are some tips for choosing the correct dentist for your family. Tip #1 - Check with your family and friends to see who they might recommendRead MoreThe Importance Of Relationship In Health Care1201 Words   |  5 Pagesarises; so, a revamp is needed for quite some time now. Here are several issues; first, the day before our exam dentist would screen schedule patients records to see what radiograph is need. Next, those patients dental records are given to the front desk clerk holds the dental hygienist/ extended functional dental assistants (EFDA) records, these are the hygiene/exam (H/E) appointment (with is most of our patient workload). Therefore, our patients are processed through the front desk clerk, patientsRead MoreCad / Cam ( Computer Aided Manufacturing )1747 Words   |  7 Pagesare not exactly pleasant, and many people are fearful of what they entail. This is especially true when a patient is faced with a long, drawn out procedure which requires several visits. Treatment for receiving crowns, veneers, bridges, orthodontics, or remova ble prosthesis are typical examples of these types of procedures. Many people put these procedures off or avoid them altogether due to the daunting and tedious string of appointments, not to mention the complications that can arise from theRead MoreToothache : Let s Get For The Root Of It1532 Words   |  7 Pageslet’s get to the root of it Whilst tooth decay is often declared to be the main cause of toothache, it’s important that you actually have a complete oral examination by a dentist in order to determine the actual cause. Toothache can be a result of a number of dental issues including infection, gum disease, bruxism (grinding your teeth), tooth trauma and even an abnormal bite. The eruption of teeth may also be the cause of tooth and jaw pain in babies and children of school age. Temporomandibular JointRead MoreMeet Our Friendly, Highly Trained Dental Team1532 Words   |  7 Pagesto us. We provide gGeneral and cCosmetic dental services including vVeneers, tTeeth wWhitening, rRoot cCanals, and tTeeth rReplacement. Our goal is to help patients have healthy teeth and gums for life. We’ll give you all you need to make informed decisions about your dental health, and we’ll work with you to give you the procedures and treatment results that you want. Dr. Andrew Dine Dr. Andrew Dine graduated from the University of Cincinnati in 1971 with a Bachelor of Science degree and from CaseRead MoreSymptoms And Diagnosis Of A Dental Patient1327 Words   |  6 Pagespeople don t know much about. I ve felt for the longest time that dentists need some sort of background in mental disorders. Because of that, I decided to write this article, from the viewpoint of a dental patient. Going to my new dentist, I had to provide a background medical information sheet. Several illnesses were missing, so in the other section I had to write Bipolar Disorder. I was skeptical, and slightly worried as to what was the point of admitting my disorder, but did anyway. It wasnRead MoreNew Site For Aventura Dental Center1204 Words   |  5 Pagesstate over the years. But whether you are a lifelong resident of the Sunshine State, or you have recently moved here from another state, you are welcome at our dental clinic. If you are ready to schedule an appointment to visit our office, or if you have any questions on how we can help meet your dental health needs, call us at 786-681-1127 or use our convenient online form.  (Initial Blog) Welcome To The New Site For Aventura Dental Center Welcome to our new site! Dr. Bistritz and the entire team

Similarities Between Picasso And Matisse - 2025 Words

Some think rivalry is two people that holds onto totally different believes and don’t fit together well. But Matisse and Picasso proved to the society that rivalry isn’t always negative, it also brings onboard competition, inspiration, motivation, friendship and more. Ever after Gertrude Stein arranged a meet between the two, Picasso and Matisse became rivals for the rest of their life. Both were influential artist that have dominated the art of the twentieth century. Even though, they were rivals, Picasso and Matisse envied each other’s artwork. Some describe their relationship as a game of chess, the back and forth interaction and acknowledging each other’s talent; some describe it as tango, the passion and love in every move, the†¦show more content†¦According to the Steins, Matisse and Picasso are two gifted men whose temperaments and strengths were more different. It was only natural that the two artists would see themselves as rivals. When the two men meet, Matisse’s career was beginning to take off. On March 19th, 1906, his second one-man show opened at a Private Gallery where he exhibited fifty-five paintings, along with a number of sculptures, watercolors, drawings, and lithographs. The paintings ranged in date from 1897 to the current year, so the exhibition served as a retrospective that gave a clear idea of his art development. For the 1906 Salon exhibition, Matisse only showed a single painting, Le Bonheur de vivre (Fig. 5), which was the largest- and most daring- canvas he had ever done. Matisse’s creation of The women with the hat (Fig. 3) had unexpectedly shocked people, but with le Bonheur de vivre. Matisse appear to have purposely set out this painting to create a shocking effect. That Matisse wanted his painting to be a kind of manifesto. Leo Stein bought the painting and declared it to be â€Å"the most important painting done in our time.† And was hung up high in Gertrude and L eo’s studio. Leo’s high opinion of Le Bonheur de vivre must have vexed Picasso. Picasso was working on Gertrude’s portrait (Fig. 2) at the time he and Matisse first met. The sensation Matisse’s painting created, made it difficult for Picasso toShow MoreRelatedWomen Of Algiers By Pablo Picasso974 Words   |  4 PagesPablo Picasso painted his version of â€Å"Women of Algiers† 120 years after Eugene Delacroix painted the original in 1834. Those 120 years were full of evolving paint styles, and it can definitely be seen when you look at the two paintings side by side. Although both paintings were painted in different times with different historical context, they still share some similarities, but also some differences. Delacroix painted â€Å"Women of Algiers† in 1834, two years after the French colonization of AlgeriaRead MoreThe Art Of Paul Cezanne1530 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso were both profoundly influenced by the art of Paul Cà ©zanne, somewhat ironically since the latter is reported to have been quite uncertain of his artistic contributions and anxious about his legacies (Merleau-Ponty, 1945). Picasso described Cà ©zanne as â€Å"my one and only master† ; while Matisse noted that â€Å"it is undoubtedly to Cà ©zanne that I owe the most† . The Large Bathers was one of two final paintings produced by Cà ©zanne in 1906, the year of his deathRead MoreWho Was Pablo Picasso?1678 Words   |  7 PagesWho was Pablo Picasso? Opinions vary. But Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) is commonly considered to be one of the greatest twentieth-century radical European surrealist and cubist painters and sculptors to have lived, if not the greatest modern artist that Spain has ever produced. His prolific portfolio included experimentation in everything from printmaking to ceramics, although oil painting was for most of his career his primary medium. His extensive legacy in popular culture and fine art, particularlyRead More Comparing Paintings by Pablo Picasso and Alberto Morrocco Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Paintings by Pablo Picasso and Alberto Morrocco I have decided to contrast and compare paintings by cubist artist Pablo Picasso and contemporary artist Alberto Morrocco. I have studied their paintings to find out their influences and any similarities between their work. I have tried to find a source of their motivation and reason for their interpretations. Firstly, I am going to write about cubist artist, Pablo Picasso. Inspired by artist Paul Cezanne, the father of analyticalRead MoreLes Demoiselles DAvignon5704 Words   |  23 PagesLes Demoiselles dAvignon   Les Demoiselles dAvignon  (The Young Ladies of Avignon, and originally titled  The Brothel of Avignon) is a large  oil painting  of 1907 by the Spanish artist  Pablo Ruiz Picasso  (1881–1973). The work portrays five nude female prostitutes from a brothel on Avinyà ³ Street in  Barcelona. Each figure is depicted in a disconcerting confrontational manner and none are conventionally  feminine. The women appear as slightly menacing and rendered with angular and disjointed body shapesRead MorePablo Picasso : An Artist Of Great Renown1132 Words   |  5 PagesPablo Picasso was a Spanish artist of great renown. He was famous for his work as a sculptor, painter, ceramist, poet, and playwright. He was born in Spain but did most of his work in France. He was one of the greatest artists of the 20th century and he was one of the founding fathers of the cubist movement. His contributions include the collage and the constructed sculpture. Picasso, Matisse, and Duchamp are the artists who defined the plastic arts. Picasso lived from 25 October 1881 to 8 AprilRead MoreHow The Ghana Is Influenced By African Art1493 Words   |  6 PagesWe will also look at the relationship between the Benin Bronzes, as African art, rather than modern art in the west. We know that the Benin bronzes are known to be of ‘aesthetic’, ‘spiritual’ and ‘sentimental’ value due to its symbolic appraisal of civilisation. They are also one of the most sophisticated pieces of art. When looking into the African heritage, we can note it has a vast impact on the modern art world - artists such as Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse sustain this. Artists in the 1920’sRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Girl Before A Mirror 1607 Words   |  7 Pages Picasso is a bold painter where he dismisses the idea of the background being a backdrop and assisting the main subject matter and instead incorporates it, making it just as extreme as the main focal point of the painting. ‘Girl Before a Mirror’ 1932 (1.62 m x 1.3 m) painted in Picasso’s cubism period depicts a girl named Marie Therese Walter who was painted numerous times by Picasso during the 1930 s. This painting is open to multiple interpretations. One of these is through symbolism in responseRead MoreThe Problem Representation Of Art1937 Words   |  8 PagesThis research investigated differences in problem representation in art. The purpose was to examine what features people pay attention to when they look for similarities in a group of paintings. There are a range of differences that can contribute to what features people pay attention to when they examine for similarities in a groups of objects. Research by Rabinowitz and Hogan (2008) discussed that peop le with more experience in a certain domain have a propensity to create better representationsRead MoreComparitive Essay: Young Girls at the Piano the Piano Lesson2848 Words   |  12 PagesAN ANALYTICAL COMPARATIVE STUDY OF Young Girls at the Piano PIERRE-AUGUSTE RENOIR The Piano Lesson HENRI MATISSE STEPHANIE DAVIS CONTENTS 1. 2. 4. 6. 8. 9. Introduction Young Girls at the Piano The Piano Lesson Comparison Conclusion Bibliography AN INTRODUCTION†¦ In this research paper I will seek to comparatively analyze two distinct works of art – the 1892 painting entitled Jeunes Filles Au Piano (Young Girls At The Piano) by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, and Henri

Active Listening Can Be Described In Brief As Listening

Active listening can be described in brief as listening to a person carefully and with an open mind, which endeavors to fetch a grasp of the other on a greatly profound level. Guidelines for active listening is to give people your attention, be ready to paraphrase, use questions if you don t understand, acknowledge the others person feelings, encourage if the other person appears uncertain, do not react or respond in other ways until it is clear that the other person has finished. (The role of Active listening in conflict resolution, 2012). [1] For example, you are the accounting manager of a company and you have two accountants Sarah and John. John was employed since two months and Sarah has been with the company for ten years. John is†¦show more content†¦Clarification includes questions that seek to clear uncertainties and fetch more understanding of the other person’s intentions and fears. Misunderstood or inadequate information is the main barrier to understanding; that s why clarification is important. After that, you should recognize the other person s feelings. This is called digging. It concentrates on the feelings of a person without making them the clear focus of the argument. Observing emotional reactions adds a further aspect to the understanding of a person s situation. It is mainly helpful when there seems to be an inconsistency between the content of a message and the person s feelings as it permits us to discover the speaker’s actual approach toward a subject. Subsequently, you should see if the other person seems to be doubtful or uncertain. You should acknowledge the feelings that a person is experiencing as it is an influential evidence of our awareness and serious attempt to understand his situation. (The role of Active listening in conflict resolution, 2012). [3] Once more, it’s essential that, once these workers are required to resolve their arguments, you should attempt to understand their feelings and make them feel noticed. If the accounting division is small and you cannot reschedule employees or workers straightforwardly, you may think of modifying their work structure, so they should not work together as much as possible. This is not perfect in most cases, but it’s a tiny compromise toShow MoreRelatedListening On Listening And Listening1747 Words   |  7 Pages Listening Listening can be defined as the ability to effectively attend to, interpret, and respond to verbal and nonverbal messages and can play an important role in the support process and can be executed more or less skillfully (Jones, 2011, pp. 86). Listening can also be represented as a multidimensional construct that consists of complex (a) cognitive processes, such as attending to, understanding, receiving, and interpreting messages; (b) affective processes, such as being motivated andRead MoreThe Break Up - Movie Interpersonal Communication Essay882 Words   |  4 Pagesthat gives an overview of the concepts/theories that you will be applying to the movie. Use at least 2 concepts/theories learned in the lectures/lessons/textbook. Apply these concepts to one or more scenes in the movie. Please be sure to give a brief summary of the scene to which you are referring (I’ve seen the movie many times before. Please don’t write more than a paragraph explaining the scene). Now, by using those great critical thinking skills you possess; convince me you learned in thisRead MoreMonroe’s Motivated Sequence Speech Eating Breakfast1391 Words   |  6 Pages1. Interpersonal Communication Project 2. Interpersonal Communication According to Petersen (2007), good communication is just as important in business, family, and social life. Listening well matters for coworkers, when intimacy is not the goal, but being able to work together effectively is. It helps keep friendships vital and even makes a difference in casual relationships where you merely want ease. 3. Introduction: What is Interpersonal Communication? Stewart (2009) defines interpersonalRead MoreMusic s Influence On Music1610 Words   |  7 PagesPrevious attention from scholarly articles and psychology journals have indicated that listening to classical music can heighten a person’s ability to learn and focus. This has prompted some teachers to start integrating the playing of classical music in their classrooms to raise the amount of information retained by their students and make their work more efficient. A study done at Stanford University indicated music heightens a person’s ability to learn because it â€Å"engages the areas of the brainRead MoreMotivation, Stress, and Communication: Leadership and Organizational Behavior1374 Words   |  6 PagesMotivation, Stress, and Communication BUS 520 Leadership and Organizational Behavior August 21, 2012 â€Æ' Create a brief job description for a position within the company you research that you would like to fill. Emory is among the top 20 universities in the country and is internationally recognized for its academics, groundbreaking research and technological advances with staff, faculty and students representing all regions of the United States and more than 100 foreign nations. As an Emory employeeRead MoreSuicide Prevention Of The United States1269 Words   |  6 PagesPREVENTION 3 risk during primary care medical encounters if either believes a patient is in danger of intentionally harming himself or herself (Force, 2004).† Another prevention group that is targeted towards is called Parents-CARE (P-CARE) â€Å"is a brief home-based suicide prevention program for parents of suicide-risk youth, for which short- and long-term effectiveness has been demonstrated (Hooven, 2013).† P-CARE intervention/prevention methods rely on the family, they believe if they start at homeRead MoreLanguage Learning Methods Of Listening3137 Words   |  13 Pages Running head: LISTENING COMPREHENSION IN COGNITIVIST, METACOGNITIVIST AND BEHAVIORISTIC BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING METHODS Listening Comprehension in Cognitivist, Meta-Cognitivist and Behavioristic Based Language Learning Methods Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch Khonein University Professor: Dr. Rajabi December 14, 2011 Abstract The study tried to show the role of listening comprehension in cognitivist, meta-cognitivist and behavioristic based language learning methods.Read MoreIntercultural Interview1422 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationships with others and view the world in which we live. This assignment is designed to help you improve your competency in intercultural interpersonal communication. FORMAT AND GRADING: The format and requirements for written assignments as described in the syllabus will apply (see Grading Criteria). Your paper must be six full pages. It must have a cover page which must include: a title, your name, the course name, my name, Copper Mountain College and the semester and year in which you wroteRead MoreBrief Description Of The Client Issues1918 Words   |  8 Pages i) Brief description of the client issues. (1) The client wants to learn how to better her diet because she is a diabetic. She is having trouble controlling her blood glucose levels and would like to get some help on how to go about regulating her diabetes. Client’s glucose levels are fluctuate throughout the day, one minute they are high another minute client is trying to bring them back up. She would like to regulate her glucose levels through diet change alone (eating healthier). The client doesRead MoreA Theory Based Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy2787 Words   |  12 Pages ‘A theory based evaluation of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy’ The purpose of this essay is to provide a theory based evaluation of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). The first part of this essay will concentrate on defining CBT including a brief description of its derived history and the therapies that have contributed to its development. I will then move on to review the tools used in the four step process of CBT (assessment, formulation, intervention and evaluation). I will also incorporate

Policy Framework Development Free Essays

string(184) " has been claimed that a system providing services according ability-to-pay rather than healthcare need, ensures decreased availability and accessibility to services† \(Danis et al\." Introduction In this essay, I will discuss the welfare state since World War II and how it has impacted society in England and Wales. In addition, I will discuss the importance of social policy, how it was developed and the four most frequently used approaches. The ideas behind these approaches will be explained and some examples of such policies in different fields will be provided. We will write a custom essay sample on Policy Framework Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Overall, evidence will be provided on how social policy became educational discipline in its own right. The origins of the National Health Service One of the most drastic social policies put into action in England and Wales has been the implementation of free medical treatment for all, through the National Health Service. According to Alcock (2008), illness was very common and health care expensive before the National Health Service (NHS) came into existence in 1948. Poor housing, overcrowding, poor sanitation, malnutrition and lack of education were common, enabling the spread of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. Life expectancy was considerably lower, at a mere 60 years. During the 19th century, health care was provided through the workhouse, or municipal and voluntary hospitals. The rich were often treated in their own homes or in a private practice. A lady Almoner was responsible for carrying out a means test, which determined who got medical treatment, she was also responsible for approaching charities for funding. (Alcock, 2008) The ideology behind the development of the NHS was to put an end to ignorance, squalor, disease and poverty, by ensuring health care was available to all. This included free treatments for all, a family benefit scheme and full employment. Although some saw it as a politically risky move, Prime Minister Churchill gave his full backing for the NHS in 1943, thus starting the reform towards free health care. As Bochel reports: â€Å"During 1944, White Paper proposing a national health service, and the election of a Labour Government in 1945 made the establishment of a NHS almost certain. The necessary legislation was passed in the 1946 National Health Service Act.† (Bochel, 2009, p. 332). Finally, the NHS became a reality on July 5th 1948. It was an enormous achievement but due to the significant investment in time, money and resources, it was not met without opposition- this was a time when there were food and fuel shortages, as well as a dollar economic crisis. However, the general public wanted the new service to succeed, and as such Britain became the first country in Western Europe to offer free medical service, funded through the general taxation system. According to Bevan: â€Å"It was based on three core principles which include; it meets the needs of everyone, to be free at the point of delivery and it to be based on clinical needs, not ability to pay.† (National Health Service History, 2012). These core principles have remained the same since the creation of the NHS (Bochel, 2009,p. 332). However, free health care as provided by the NHS proved to be very expensive, with the drug bill increasing from ?13 million to ?41 million within the first two years of its creation. Additionally, as medicine progressed as a science, new technologies and methods increased the cost of the NHS from ?200 million to ?300 million. The provision of free health care for all led to excess demand, adding pressure to the already limited medical resources. The Government was reluctant to cover the excess cost, as it needed to invest in other sectors, such as education. As a result, charges for certain services, such as spectacles and dentures, as well as for prescriptions were implemented (Alcock2008). Neo-liberal ideology and the NHS In 1979, when the NHS had been in place for several decades, a Neo Liberal Government was elected, with little sympathy for the state provision of welfare and the high level of expenditure associated with it (Bochel, 2009, p. 332). Neo-liberal ideology supports the reorganization of the financial and organizational aspects of healthcare services worldwide, based on the argument that the then-existing health systems had failed. According to the recommendation report in 1983, four major problems of health systems globally were: i) misallocation of resources; ii) inequity of accessing care; iii) inefficiency; and iv) exploding costs. It was claimed that government hospitals and clinics were often inefficient, suffering from highly centralised decision-making, wide fluctuations in allocations, and poor motivation of workers (Alcock, 2008). Quality of care was also low, patient waiting times were long and medical consultations were short, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment were comm on. Also, the public sector had suffered from serious shortages of medical drugs and equipment, and the purchasing of brand-name pharmaceuticals instead of generic drugs was one of the main reasons for wasting the money spent on health (Navarro, 2007). Private providers were more technically efficient and offer a service that was perceived to be of higher quality. Neo-liberal policies Examples of policies implemented by the Neo-Liberal Government were those based on cost-effectiveness. Cost-effectiveness was presented as the main tool for choosing among possible health interventions for specific health problems. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to measure the burden of disease and thus allowing comparisons between specific health problems. Greater reliance on the private sector to deliver clinical services was encouraged, with the expectation that it would raise efficiency. It was suggested that Governments should privatise the healthcare services, by selling the public goods and services, buying the services from the private sector, and supporting the private sector with subsidies. In order to increase efficiency, unnecessary legal and administrative barriers faced by private doctors and pharmacies would need to be removed. Neoliberal policies in healthcare were heavily criticised as they reportedly misdiagnosed the problems and its treatment, leading to a situation worse than it was before the policies were implemented. Shrinking from welfare state to minimum liberal state, retreating from most of the public services and letting the area to irrationality of market dynamics is making pharmaceutical, medical technology, insurance, and law companies the lead actors. It has been claimed that a system providing services according ability-to-pay rather than healthcare need, ensures decreased availability and accessibility to services† (Danis et al. You read "Policy Framework Development" in category "Essay examples", 2008; Janes et al., 2006; Unger et al, 2008). New Labour and the NHS In 1997, the New Labour Government was elected, with a main focus to make a significant improvement on peoples’ health. This was expected to be done by rebuilding the health services within the NHS through â€Å"decentralizing of power and decision-making to local health trusts†. Decentralising was important in order to achieve increased responsiveness to local health needs by widening patient choice, and promoting organizational efficiency. The underlying premise was that decentralization would shorten the bureaucratic hierarchical structure and allow flexibility for local trust managers and health professionals- thus improving organizational performance from the ‘bottom-up’ (Crinson, 2009 :p 139). In 1997 the Government put forward its plans in the White Paper: â€Å"The New NHS: Modern, Dependable† (Blakemore 2003:p 172). The objective was to reduce bureaucratic control from the centre and restore autonomy to health professionals within the NHS. A t the same time, the Government was determined to limit public expenditure by looking at what was already put in place by the previous government. One of the new Labour objectives was to reduce the number of people on the treatment waiting list by offering patients greater choice of provider at the point of inpatient referral. This was put in place from January 2006 onwards, where patients have been offered a choice of at least four hospitals when referred for treatment by their general practitioner. In addition, a new inpatient booking system was put in place, where patients themselves could book their place and time of treatment (Adam, 2006). In 1998, health inequality targets were included in the public service agreements with local government and cross-department machinery was created to follow up a ‘Programme of Actions’, which had the general aim to reduce inequality in terms of life expectancy at birth, and to reduce the infant mortality rate by 10 per cent by 20 10 (Glennerster, 2007 : p 253). Examples of health care policies implemented by New Labour are: Maximum waiting times for in-patient treatment: six months by 2005 and three months by 2008; Patients able to see a primary care practitioner within twenty-four hours and a GP within forty- eight hours; Maximum waiting time of four-hours in emergency rooms; Plans to improve cancer treatment and health inequalities. In addition, in order to improve efficiency, two bodies were set up to give advice and push for more consistent and effective clinical standards in determining the cost of new drugs and procedures. This was the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) (Glennerster,2007 : p 250). However, as argued by Peckham and colleagues (year?), the decentralization of the NHS had mixed results. They note that the process of decentralization was not clear and that there were contradictions, reflecting a simultaneous process of centralization and decentralization, in which local performance indicators were centrally-set. If achieved, this resulted in increased financial and managerial autonomy. However, there was some supportive evidence that decentralization had improved patients’ health outcome, as well as improved efficiency in coordination and communication processes (Crinson, 2009 : p 140). The Government at the time met its target for treatment waiting lists by 2000- the number of people on the waiting list had fallen by 150,000. However, one main criticism came from the doctors, nurses and other health professionals where they were the ones dealing with prioritizing patients based on medical need, whilst having to explain to other anxious and angry patients w hy their treatment is delayed (Crinson, 2009). Coalition Government and the NHS In 2010, the newly established Coalition Government published the NHS White Paper ‘Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS policy’, prepared by the Department of Health. This policy included important changes compared to those proposed by the previous Government, and reflected the aims of the Coalition’s five year plan. Some of the proposed changes include: i) responsibility for commissioning of NHS services shifted to GPs, as the Primary Care Trusts and Strategic Health Authorities were dissolved, and ii) Foundation Trust status granted to all hospitals, ensuring increased autonomy and decision-making power. These reforms were part of the Coalition’s broader goal to give more power to local communities and empower GPs. By way of estimation, it is expected that this cost to about 45% for the NHS management. Strengthening of the NHS Foundation Trusts in order for these Trusts to provide financial regulation for all NHS services was another objective of the reform. An independent NHS board was set up, with the aim to lead and oversee specialised care and GP commissioning respectively. The objectives behind the Coalition Government’s plans was to increase health spending in real terms for each year of Parliament, with full awareness that this would impact the spending in other areas. The Coalition Government still maintained Beverage idea that all health care should be free and available to everybody at the point of delivery, instead of based on the ability to pay. It was expected that this approach would improve standards, support professional responsibility, deliver better value for money and as such create a healthier nation. Although the Prime Minister rectified it in his speech, the Government failed to provide a clear account of the shortcomings of the NHS and its challenges. The preparation of the White Paper, which was to pass the coalition committee’s examination, saw more compromises. The elimination of PCTs was not foretold but the conservatives would make PCTs remain as the statutory commissioning authority responsible for public health despite their commitment to devolving real budgets to GPs. It was rumoured that the Liberal Democrats policy of elected representatives to PCTs appear weak. The compromise was to give greater responsibility for public health to local authorities and eliminate PCTs. This resulted in the formation of the GP commissioning consortia and the Health and Wellbeing Boards. Despite concerns raised by stakeholders, the proposals saw just a few changes. Maybe we can call it a missed chance in retrospect. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be argued that without the NHS coming to force when it did at such a dire time after the Second World War, the already high mortality rates would have continued to rise. The NHS was vital in changing peoples’ lives in England and Wales and around the world. The system was designed meet everyone needs, regardless of financial abilities and without discrimination. Many changes have taken place since the birth of the NHS in 1948. Four different Governments adapted the NHS with their policies and legislation. However, throughout its evolution, the NHS still provides healthcare free of charge, as was intended from its conception. References Alcock, (2008). Social Policy in Britain. 3rd ed.Basingstoke: Palgrace Macmillan Alexion Pharma (2010). Politics and Policy [Online] www. [email protected] Available From: http://www.pnh-alliance.org.uk/politics-and-policy/the-department-of-health-publishes-equity-and-excellence-liberating-the-nhs. [Accessed on: 06 Nov. 12] Blakemore, K (2003). Social Policy an introduction. 2nd ed. United Kingdom: Open University Press. Blakemore, K, Griggs, E. (2003). Social Policy an introduction. 3nd ed.England: Open University Press. Bochel, H., Bochel, C., Page, R., Sykes, R. (2009). Social Policy Themes, Issues and Debates. 2nd ed. England: Pearson Education Limited. Crinson, I. (2009) Health Policy a critical perspective. London: Sage Publication Ltd. Glennerster, H. (2007). British Social Policy. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. Danis, M.Z., Karatas, K., Sahin, M.C. (2008). Reflections of neoliberal policies on healthcare field and social work practices. World Applied Sciences Journal, 5(2), 224-235. Ezeonu, I. (2008). Crimes of globalization: health care, HIV and the poverty of neoliberalism in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Social Inquiry, 1(2), 113-134. Hospital Stories from Hell: National Health Videos (1998) [DVD] London: Channel 4. Recorded off –air 19/03/1998 Macara, S. ( 1998). Nursing Studies. BBC News: True to its principles [Online]. Available from: NHS Choices. Moonie N. (2003). Health and Social Care. Series ed. Oxford: Heine Educational Publisher. Navarro, V. (2007). Neoliberalism as a class ideology; or, the political causes of the growth of inequalities. Int J Health Serv, 37(1), 47-62. NHS. ( 2012). Nursing Studies. About the NHS: NHS core principles [Online]. Available from: NHS Choices. Oliver, Adam. â€Å"Further progress towards reducing waiting times†. Health Policy Monitor, April 2006. Available at http://www.hpm.org/survey/uk/a7/1 . [Accessed on: 14 Nov. 12] Pennies from Bevan: National Health Videos (1998) [DVD] London: Chanel 4. Recorded off –air 14/06/1998 Rivett, G (2012). Nursing Studies, National Health Service History. [Online]. Available from: http://www. NHS history.net [Accessed 06 March 2012). Socialist Health (2010). Coalition Health Policy 2010 [Online] http://www.sochealth.co.uk. Available From: http://www.sochealth.co.uk/campaigns/health-and-social-care-bill-2012/coalition-health-policy-2010/. [Accessed on: 06 Nov.12] Viveash, B, Senior, M. (1998). Health and Illness. London: Macmillan Press. How to cite Policy Framework Development, Essay examples

Research and Academic Skills

Question: Discuss about the Research and Academic Skills. Answer: Introduction: Google Scholar is a search engine, which is used to search for academic resources and scholarly literature. The main purpose of this academic website is to update the researchers about current progress in their research areas (Hewson and Stewart 2016). Google Scholar searches for articles, scholarly books and documents, which are also, found in the databases and catalog in the library. It is different from Google as Google searches internet content that is provided by the public. Students, scholars, professors, teachers and professionals, usually access the search engine (Khabsa and Giles 2014). I would choose the Google Scholar site as it is a convenient internet research engine that allows to have access to various disciplines and sources such as books, journal articles, and court opinion, and related works of professionals, academic publishers, universities etc. Now, although the sources available on the website are reliable but the non-availability of the complete version of the articles through Google scholar is an important issue of the website for which the students are encouraged to view the complete articles in the database of the library. Publishers often prevent the researcher from posting of published version of any article on the internet, free. Therefore, I would recommend this website to my peers may use the academic resources from Google Scholar but the only concern is that it enables the students to read only those articles, which are available to read. Reference list Hewson, C. and Stewart, D.W., 2016.Internet research methods. John Wiley Sons, Ltd.. Khabsa, M. and Giles, C.L., 2014. The number of scholarly documents on the public web.PloS one,9(5), p.e93949